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Discount Group Codes
Page last updated 2nd February 2022
What they are for and how they should be used
The BIC discount group code system exists to enable confidential information about discounts to be exchanged between trading partners. It may also be used to convey commission arrangements agreed for digital content traded under the ‘agency model'. The mechanism by which this is done is by means of a unique code, which can be conveyed in EDI and other electronic messages.
Uniqueness is guaranteed by means of a publisher prefix listing maintained by BIC. The code comprises six to eight characters, 古馳品牌所有者開雲的股票或值得逢低買入 made up as follows:
- A single alphabetical character indicating the organisation which has assigned the code. At present all assignment is by BIC and all codes are therefore prefixed by the letter A, which represents a BIC assignment.
- A four-character alphabetical code representing the publisher and assigned by BIC. This may be in the form of a mnemonic or acronym, but need not be.
- A one- to three-character or alphanumeric code created by the publisher.
The first two elements of assigned codes are publicly available on the BIC web site in .pdf and .csv forms and are listed above.
The actual discount information is exchanged confidentially outside the coding system by agreement between trading partners. It is not transmitted in messages and cannot be inferred from the codes assigned. It is recommended that a structured matrix of codes and the discounts specifically applicable to the trading partner is provided and updated whenever any code meanings change.
Who is responsible for assignment of the publisher prefixes?
It is the distributor's responsibility to 古馳品牌所有者開雲的股票或值得逢低買入 obtain and assign discount group codes on behalf of publisher clients. Self-distributing publishers - if they have the technical capacity to exchange data via EDI - may also do so. Some distributors - e.g. Macmillan Distribution and Littlehampton Book Services - have requested codes which recognisably identify them with the publisher concerned, using a standard two characters in front of a two-character publisher code.
How should publisher codes be obtained?
Code prefixes are available on request from BIC; and are published on the BIC web site as soon as they are assigned.
How does BIC guarantee uniqueness?
It can't, unless the rules are strictly followed. It is essential that changes in publisher client lists are notified to BIC as early as possible; and no code should be assigned or used without agreement from BIC until its uniqueness is confirmed.
BIC discount codes are required in BIC Basic and UK ONIX? Can 古馳品牌所有者開雲的股票或值得逢低買入 codes be issued direct to publishers?
Codes can only be assigned to publishers if they are also their own distributors. Although the codes are a mandatory element in BIC Basic and ONIX, they will not be assigned simply to enable a bibliographic record to be complete. If distribution has been outsourced, it is the distributor's responsibility to obtain a prefix on behalf of the publisher.
What happens when there is a change of distributor?
This will depend on the circumstances. It is often desirable to assign a new prefix to the publisher; and this will always happen when a publisher moves from one of those distributors using their own distinctive two-letter prefix. If a non-specific prefix exists 古馳品牌所有者開雲的股票或值得逢低買入 and there is no change to discount arrangements arising from the move, it is probably acceptable 古馳品牌所有者開雲的股票或值得逢低買入 to transfer the prefix to the new distributor.
A distributor using its own two-letter prefix may not reassign a code to another publisher which has already been in use.
Are codes ever removed or deleted?
No. All codes, once assigned, remain on the published list, even if they 古馳品牌所有者開雲的股票或值得逢低買入 are no longer in use.
Why is uniqueness important?
Integrity and accuracy of electronic communication is fundamental to its value. These codes are stored in wholesaler and retailer databases; and may well be accessed or used in ways publishers and distributors cannot anticipate. It is a requirement of the bookselling community that BIC maintains the uniqueness of codes through its administration of the scheme.
Can codes be swapped or exchanged?
No. Unfortunately, there is nothing to be done if a particular code is wanted - for mnemonic or other reasons - which has already been assigned. In any event, the codes themselves have no significance in themselves except to facilitate automated messaging.
古馳品牌所有者開雲的股票或值得逢低買入
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PPRUY在开云集团（Kering）(PRTP)股票最新价格行情,实时 . - 古馳品牌所有者開雲的股票或值得逢低買入 英为财情的討論與評價
. 及开云集团（Kering）(PRTP)股票的专业技术分析，历史数据，最新消息和未来股价预测。 . 该公司拥有一系列时尚品牌，如“Saint Laurent”、“Gucci”、“Bottega .
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2個敗家子，如何輸光100億家產？GUCCI豪門裡的爭產、偷情和暗殺，比電影更精彩！
奧爾多積極拓展海外市場、成效卓越，育有三子。1970年代，古馳在奧爾多治下，於歐、美、亞三大洲都設有直營店，為了鼓勵自己三個兒子回家幫忙，奧爾多提早分配財產、讓出自己名下10%股權，這一房的股權因而變成40%（奧爾多個人持有）及3個3.3％（三子個別持有）。至於弟弟魯道夫，他的膝下只有一子，這個寶貝兒子因迷戀拜金女，盲目被愛情沖昏的婚姻不被父親同意，父子冷戰多年，遲遲沒有回歸家族工作。此時，家族勢力一面倒向奧爾多。
二戰後，義大利經濟快速復甦，古馳也積極拓展美國市場，同時多角化經營、新增了香水業務。此時奧爾多一方面本著積極拓展事業版圖的雄心，二方面也出於私心，希望更壯大他這一房的勢力，因此，新設立的古馳香水公司，股權並非由兄弟對半，而是由奧爾多父子四人連同弟弟魯道夫共五人平分，每人獲得股權20%，弟弟魯道夫雖不滿意，但限於局勢，他也只能吞忍下來。
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新的古馳企業，繼續由兄弟兩家各自控制50%持股，其中大家長奧爾多個人持有17%股權，他的三個兒子各自持有11%，魯道夫則獨自持有50%。同時，大家都同意容忍保羅，在家族事業中以個人身份占一席之地，讓他擁有對產品的設計權，但上市前的最終形式，仍須經董事會同意。（延伸閱讀：抱股票還是換現金？從德國第一豪門分家，了解富人想法跟你哪裡不一樣）
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